Springer, 2008. — 134 p. — ISBN: 978-1-84800-026-1. Silver has the lowest resistivity of all metals, which makes it an attractive interconnect material for higher current densities and faster switching speeds in integrated circuits. Over the past ten years, extensive research has been conducted to address the thermal and electrical stability, as well as processing issues which,...
Current edition approved May 1, 2014. Published May 2014. Originally approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D1052 – 09. — 4 p. This test method covers a test for measuring the cut growth in rubber vulcanizates subjected to repeated bend flexing.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published February 2013. Originally approved in 1943. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1053 – 92a (2007). — 9 p. These test methods describe the use of a torsional apparatus for measuring the relative low temperature stiffeningof flexible polymeric materials and fabrics coated therewith. A routine inspection and acceptance...
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2015. Published January 2016. Originally approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D1076 – 14. — 13 p. This specification covers requirements for first grade concentrated natural rubber latex (see Table 1) of the following categories: Category 1—Centrifuged Hevea natural latex preserved with ammonia only or by formaldehyde...
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published February 2013. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1148 – 07a. — 4 p. This test method covers techniques to evaluate the surface discoloration of white or light-colored vulcanized rubber that may occur when subjected to UV or UV/visible exposure from specified sources under controlled conditions...
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016. Published February 2016. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D1149 – 15. — 13 p. These test methods are used to estimate the effect of exposure, under surface tensile strain conditions, either dynamic or static, in an atmosphere containing specified levels of ozone concentration, expressed as partial...
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016. Published January 2016. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D1171 – 15. — p. This test method permits the estimation of the relative ability of rubber compounds used for applications requiring resistance to outdoor weathering. This test method is not applicable to materials ordinarily classed as hard rubber,...
Current edition approved June 15, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1229 – 03 (2008). — 3 p. This test method covers evaluation of the ability of vulcanized rubbers that have been compressed at room temperature and then subjected to low temperature (air or carbon dioxide atmosphere), to recover from deformation...
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1278 – 91a (2011). — 6 p. These test methods cover the sampling and chemical analysis of solid natural rubber in the forms supplied to the rubber industry. The analytical procedures appear in the following order: Sampling Volatile Matter Dirt Ash...
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originally approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1329 – 08. — 5 p. This test method describes a temperature-retraction procedure for rapid evaluation of crystallization effects and for comparing viscoelastic properties of rubber and rubber-like materials at low temperatures. This test method is...
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1330 – 04 (2010). — 3 p. This specification covers gaskets cut from sheet rubber that are intended for general gasket applications on water, air, and low-pressure steam. They are not intended for use with oils and strong acids.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 1349 – 99 (2005). This practice covers a list of standard temperatures from which selection may be made for any specific test or test method. Any standard or specification that specifies test...
Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published August 2014. Originally approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D1349 – 09. — 2 p. Reliable comparisons between different rubber compounds and between different laboratories is an essential component of effective testing. It is necessary to standardize the temperature and humidity conditions to which materials...
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally approved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D1414 – 94 (2013). — 11 p. These test methods describe the procedures for determining the physical properties of O-rings and changes in these properties due to aging.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2012. Published March 2012. Originally approved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D1415 – 06. — 7 p. This test method covers a procedure for measuring the hardness of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubber. The hardness is obtained by the difference in penetration depth of a specified dimension ball under two conditions of contact with...
Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally approved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1417 – 10. — 11 p. These test methods cover test procedures for synthetic rubber latices ABR, BR, CR, IIR, IR, NBR, NCR, NIR, PBR, PSBR, SBR, SCR, SIR, synthetic rubber latices having substitute carboxylic acid (COOH) groups on the polymer chain (X),...
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2017. Published January 2017. Originally approved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D1418 – 10a (2016). — 3 p. This practice covers a system of general classification for the basic rubbers both in dry and latex forms determined from the chemical composition of the polymer chain. The purpose of this practice is to provide a...
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1456 – 86 (2010). — 5 p. This test method covers determination of the elongation of soft vulcanized rubber compounds under a specified stress.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1460 – 86 (2010). — 3 p. This test method covers a technique to measure the effect of immersion liquids on rubber vulcanizates or rubbery materials. Change in specimen geometry and dimensions are observed through the transparent walls of the tube...
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1485 – 07 (2011). — 3 p. This practice, intended for referee purposes, covers a uniform procedure for sampling lots of solid natural rubber. Natural rubber generally is marketed in bales or packages of various sizes. A procedure for determining the...
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 1485 – 86 (2002). This practice, intended for referee purposes, covers a uniform procedure for sampling lots of solid natural rubber.
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D1506 – 99 (2013). — 4 p. These test methods cover the determination of the ash content of carbon black.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1508 – 02 (2007)ε1. — 3 p. This test method covers the determination of the fines and attrition of pelleted carbon black.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1509 – 95 (2012). — 3 p. These test methods cover the determination of the heating loss of carbon black at 125°C. This heating loss consists primarily of moisture, but other volatile materials may also be lost. These test methods are not...
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2008. Published February 2008. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D 1510 – 07a. This test method covers the determination of the iodine adsorption number of carbon black.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D1510 – 16. — 10 p. This test method covers the determination of the iodine adsorption number of carbon black. Method A is the original test method for this determination and Method B is an alternate test method using automated sample processing...
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1511 – 10. — 4 p. This test method covers the determination of the pellet size distribution of carbon black.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015. Published February 2016. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D1512 – 15a. — 4 p. These test methods, Test Method A—Boiling Slurry and Test Method B—Sonic Slurry, are used to indicate the pH of the carbon black surface by measuring the pH of water in contact with the carbon black. The pH of the carbon black...
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1513 – 05ε2. — 3 p. This test method covers the determination of the pour density of pelleted carbon blacks.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 1514 – 01. This test method covers the determination of the water wash sieve residue in regular untreated carbon blacks. It may not be applicable to oil-treated carbon blacks because the oil would...
Current edition approved June 15, 2015. Published August 2015. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1514 – 04 (2011). — 3 p. This test method covers the determination of the water wash sieve residue in regular untreated carbon blacks. It may not be applicable to oil-treated carbon blacks because the oil would prevent proper wetting of the black...
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D1519 – 95 (2009)ε1. — 4 p. These test methods cover the determination of the melting range of commercial rubber processing chemicals either by use of capillary melting point tubes or by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D1566 – 14. — 17 p. This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the rubber industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included. Definitions for terms that have...
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2017. Published August 2017. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1618 – 99 (2011). — 3 p. This test method covers the measurement of the degree of toluene discoloration by carbon black extractables and is useful in controlling the reaction processes for production of carbon black. This test method may not be...
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D1619 – 16. — 5 p. These test methods cover the determination of the sulfur content of carbon black. The following test methods are included: Test Method A High-Temperature Combustion With Infrared Absorption Detection Procedures Test Method B...
Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1630 – 06 (2012). — 5 p. This test method covers the determination of the resistance to abrasion of vulcanized rubber, or other rubber materials that are similar to the standard reference compound, used for the soles and heels of footwear. It is not...
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published November 2007. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D 1646 – 06. These test methods cover procedures for measuring a property called Mooney viscosity. Mooney viscosity is defined as the shearing torque resisting rotation of a cylindrical metal disk...
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2015. Published January 2016. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1646 – 07 (2012). — 12 p. These test methods cover procedures for measuring a property called Mooney viscosity. Mooney viscosity is defined as the shearing torque resisting rotation of a cylindrical metal disk (or rotor) embedded in rubber within...
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2006. Published August 2006. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 1765 – 05ae1. This classification system covers the classification of rubber-grade carbon blacks by the use of a four-character nomenclature system. The first character gives some indication of the...
Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published May 2017. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D1765 – 16. — 4 p. This classification system covers the classification of rubber-grade carbon blacks by the use of a four-character nomenclature system. The first character gives some indication of the influence of the carbon black on the rate of cure...
Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1766 – 05 (2011). — 2 p. This test method covers a practical test for the solubility of commercial chemicals used in rubber products. It is not a true measure of solubility, since equilibrium is not approached from both sides, that is, higher...
Current edition approved June 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1799 – 03a (2008). — 3 p. This practice covers the sampling of packaged carbon blacks for shipment in bags, cartons, flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC), or other non-bulk packages. The tests to be made on the samples obtained by this...
Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1817 – 05 (2011). — 3 p. This test method covers the determination of the density of solid chemicals used as rubber additives during processing and manufacture. It is intended for determining the density of the rubber chemical itself and not for the...
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published August 2015. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1869 – 95 (2010). — 3 p. This specification covers rubber rings used to seal the joints of asbestos-cement pipe conforming to Specifications C296, C428, C668, and non-asbestos fiber-cement pipe conforming to Specification C1449. A specification is...
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1900 – 06(2011). — 2 p. This practice covers procedures for the sampling and data reporting of bulk shipments of carbon black in threecompartment hopper rail cars and compartmented bulk hopper trailers.
Current edition approved May 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1917 – 03 (2007). — 4 p. These test methods cover the determination of mill shrinkage of hot-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR) and their compounds.
Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published July 2013. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1937 – 12. — 3 p. This test method covers the determination of the mass strength of pelleted carbon black. It is designed to determine the force required to pack a cylindrical column with pelleted carbon black. The results of this test are believed to...
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1991 – 05 (2010). — 3 p. This test method covers a procedure for the assay of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT). It is based on a potentiometric titration of MBT with sodium hydroxide.
Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D1992 – 91 (2013). — 2 p. This guide covers test methods for synthetic plasticizers that are used in rubber applications.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013. Published January 2014. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1993 – 03 (2008). — 3 p. This test method covers a procedure which is used to measure the surface area of precipitated hydrated silicas by the conventional Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET)2 theory ofmultilayer gas adsorption behavior using...