Lay T., Wallace T.C. Modern Global Seismology

New York, London: Academic Press, 1995. — 534 p. — (International Geophysics, Vol. 58).This textbook is intended for upper-division undergraduate and first-year graduate survey courses in seismology. It assumes that the student is familiar with basic calculus, complex numbers, and differential equations and has some general knowledge of geology. The focus is on the fundamental theory and physics of seismic waves and the application of this theory to extract the rich information about internal structure and dynamical processes in the Earth that is contained in seismograms, instrumental recordings of mechanical vibrations of the planet. Most of the text is developed in the context of global seismology topics, meaning large-scale Earth structure and earthquake sources. However, the principles underlying elastic-wave propagation, seismic instrumentation, and techniques for extracting Earth structure and source information from seismograms are common to applications in exploration seismology, a discipline that uses seismic waves to develop high-resolution images of crustal structure for oil and mineral resource exploration. The basic principles are in no way restricted to the Earth, and in the future they will, we hope, be applied to many other celestial bodies (preliminary work has been performed on the Moon and Mars, and a specialized field called helioseismology has revealed the internal structure of the Sun).Elasticity and seismic waves
Body waves and ray theory
Surface waves and free oscillations
Seismometry
Seismogram interpretation
Determination of earth structure
Seismic sources
Earthquake kinematics and dynamics
Seismic waveform modeling
Seismotectonics
References. Additional Reading