Deming David. Science and Technology in World History. Volume 2. Early Christianity, the Rise of Islam and the Middle Ages

McFarland, 2010. — 237 p. — ISBN 9780786458394, 0786458399.Science is a living, organic activity, the meaning and understanding of which have evolved incrementally over human history. This volume, the first in a roughly chronological series, explores the development of the methodology and major ideas of science, in historical context, from ancient times to the decline of classical civilizations around 300 A.D. It includes details specific to the histories of specialized sciences including astronomy, medicine and physics, along with Roman engineering and Greek philosophy. It closely describes the contributions of such individuals as Pythagoras, Hippocrates, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Alexander the Great, Euclid, Archimedes, Ptolemy, Seneca, Pliny the Elder, and Galen.. The second volume explores the evolution of science from the advents of Christianity and Islam through the Middle Ages, focusing especially on the historical relationship between science and religion. Specific topics include technological innovations during the Middle Ages; Islamic science; the Crusades; Gothic cathedrals; and the founding of Western universities. Close attention is given to such figures as Paul the Apostle, Hippolytus, Lactantius, Cyril of Alexandria, Hypatia, Cosmas Indicopleustes, and the Prophet Mohammed.Preface
Christianity
Jesus Christ
Paul the Apostle
Growth of the Christian Church
Monasticism
Attitudes Toward Philosophy
Demonology
Attitudes Toward Women
Charity
The Dark Ages
The Intellectual Decline of Europe
Failure of Ancient Science and Natural Philosophy
Cosmas Indicopleustes
Isidore of Seville
Islam
The Prophet Mohammed
Islamic Expansion
Islamic Science
Decline of Islamic Science and Philosophy
High Middle Ages in Europe
Feudalism and Economic Stagnation
Medieval Warm Period
Economic and Technological Progress
Crusades
Cathedrals
Logic and Literature
Translations
Aristotle and the Church, 13th Century
Rise of the Universities
Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) and Scholasticism
Dominican Monk
Albertus Magnus
Reason and Revelation
Summa Theologica
Scholastic Synthesis
Roger Bacon
Magician and Scientist
Emergence of Empiricism in the Thirteenth Century
Oxford and Robert Grosseteste
Paris, Magnets, and Occult Forces
Opus Majus
Compendium Studii Philosophiae
Technological Innovation During the Middle Ages
Unwritten History
Agriculture
Power
The Mechanical Clock
Military and Economic Technology
Conclusion
Chapter Notes
Bibliography
Index