American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published January 2013. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4716 – 08. 9 p. This test method covers the procedure for determining the flow rate per unit width within the manufactured plane of geosynthetics under varying normal compressive stresses and a constant head. The test is intended primarily as an index test but can be used also as a performance test when the hydraulic gradients and specimen contact surfaces are selected by the user to model anticipated field conditions.