Bezuijen A., Vastenburg E.W. (Eds.) Geosystems. Design Rules and Applications

CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2013. XVIII, 145 p. — ISBN13: 978-0-203-07286-8 (eBook - PDF).Geotextile encapsulated sand elements are three-dimensional systems manufactured from textile materials, non-woven materials or combinations of textile and non-woven materials that are filled with sand on-site. These systems are relatively new and the number of applications is growing in river and coastal engineering. Quite often Geosystems are mentioned as a possible solution, but planners, designers and contractors feel rather hesitant about the application of geotextile encapsulated sand elements due to a lack of experience and adequate design rules.
The use of geosystems has the advantage that local material can be applied and that no (expensive) quarry stone needs to be extracted and transported from the mountains to the site. Compared to traditional construction methods (with quarry stone) the application of geotextile sand filled elements may add considerable operational advantages to the execution of marine works and may offer attractive financial opportunities. In the application of geotextile encapsulated sand elements however, proper attention should be paid to the laying down of different responsibilities of the parties in the contract.
In Geosystems. Design Rules and Applications four types of geotextile sand elements are distinguished, each with specific properties: geo-bags, geo-mattresses, geotextile tubes and geotextile containers. The focus is on the use of geosystems filled with sand as a construction in river and coastal engineering. Geosystems filled with sludge are not covered. The chapters Introduction and General design aspects are followed by four chapters of the same structure dealing with the various systems. Each of these four chapters starts with a general description and applications and ends with a calculation example. Design aspects are dealt with in the remaining paragraphs.
Geosystems. Design Rules and Applications is based on research commissioned by the Dutch Rijkswaterstaat and Delft Cluster. The realisation of the Dutch version was coordinated by a CUR-committee. The English version is a translation of the Dutch version (CUR-publication 217). However, new developments have been added and the text was checked once again and improved. Geosystems. Design Rules and Applications is an essential reference for professionals and academics interested in River and Coastal Engineering, but aims also at those interested in Geotechnical Engineering.Notations.
List of figures.Why there is a need for design rules for geotextile-encapsulated sand elements.
Document structure.
General design aspects.
Basic principles of geotextile-encapsulated sand elements.
Design approach.
Safety considerations.Deterministic method.
Potential failure mechanisms.
Material aspects of geotextiles.
Raw materials.
Sand tightness.
Permeability.
Tensile strength and strain.
Seams.
Damage during installation of gravel layers.
Durability.
CE marking.
Geotextile bags.
Application sand general experimental data.
nstallation procedure.
Geometric design.
Failure modes and safety considerations.
Design aspects.
Material choice.
Required tensile strength.
Stability in waves.
Stability when subject to longitudinal current flows.
Stability when subject to overtopping currents.
Stability of geotextile bags placed in mounds.
Construction aspects.
Calculation example.
Geotextile mattresses.
Application areas and general experimental data.
Installation procedure.
Geometric design.
Potential failure mechanisms and safety considerations.
Design aspects.
Material choice.
Required tensile strength.
Stability in waves.
Stability in longitudinal currents.
Geotechnical stability.
Construction aspects.
Calculation example.
Geotextile tubes.
Applications and general experimental data.
Installation procedure.
General.
Pump speed and pump capacity.
Fill material.
Geometric design.
Failure mechanisms and safety considerations.
Design aspects.
Material choice and fabrication.
Required tensile strength.
Stability.
Construction aspects.
Calculation example.
Geotextile containers.
Application areas and general experimental data.
Installation procedure.
General.
Fill methodology.
Fill material.
Degree of filling.
Geometric design.
Failure mechanisms and safety considerations.
Design aspects.
Material choice.
Loading on geotextile while opening the split barge.
Loading on geotextile upon impact on the bottom.
Required tensile strength.
Stability in waves.
Stability in currents over the structure.
Stacking stability.
Influence of wave-induced liquefaction.
Placement accuracy.
Construction aspects.
Calculation example.
Appendix A: Permeability of geotextiles.
Appendix B: CE marking.
Appendix C: Design charts for the geotechnical stability of geotextile mattresses and geotextile bags on slope revetments.
Appendix D: Dimensions and shape of geotextile tubes.
Appendix E: Shape and forces in geotextile tubes (Timoshenko method).
Appendix F: Tensile load in geotextile container during the opening of the split barge.
Appendix G: Fall velocity of the geotextile container.
Appendix H: Placement accuracy for geotextile containers.Subject index.